Scientists have rediscovered Voeltzkow’s chameleon, a rare species previously thought to be extinct, on the island of Madagascar. Last seen over 100 years ago, the chameleon was located during a German-led expedition in northwestern Madagascar. Genetic analysis confirmed that the rediscovered chameleons are indeed Voeltzkow’s chameleons, solidifying their place as a distinct and extant species.
The rediscovery included multiple individuals, notably several females, a significant find as the species was previously only known from male specimens. This discovery allowed scientists to describe and document the female of the species for the first time, revealing colorful patterns that differ significantly from the males. The females display vibrant color changes, especially when stressed or gravid (pregnant).
The chameleon’s habitat, like much of Madagascar’s biodiversity, faces severe threats from deforestation. Scientists express concern for the species’ long-term survival given habitat loss due to agriculture and logging. The rediscovery highlights the importance of conservation efforts in Madagascar to protect this unique biodiversity hotspot and the rediscovery efforts focused near the town of Mahajanga.
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